The rapid development of industry and science and technology in front of us has put forward increasingly high requirements for the sealing performance of connection systems. Improving the tightness of waveform washers has become a focus. Waveform washers are generally used in connectors where one is soft and the other is hard and brittle. Their main function is to increase the contact area, disperse pressure, and prevent the soft material from being crushed. The waveform washer and metal ring are bonded and vulcanized as a whole, and are used to seal the sealing ring of thread and flange connections. The ring includes a metal ring and a rubber sealing gasket. Waveform washers are generally made of oil resistant nitrile rubber or fluororubber. The combination pad comes in two sizes, metric and imperial, with a combination of metal pad and rubber as specified in standard JB982-77.

The basic function of the spring with a waveform washer is to apply force to the nut after tightening it, increasing the friction force between the nut and the bolt. The material of the waveform washer is 65Mn (spring steel), with a heat treatment hardness of HRC44-51HRC, and has undergone surface oxidation treatment. The waveform washer consists of two washers. The outer side has a radial convex surface, while the inner side has a diagonal tooth surface. When assembling, the inner inclined tooth surfaces are opposite each other, and the outer radial convex surface is in an interlocking state with the contact surfaces at both ends. When the connecting piece is subjected to vibration and causes the bolt to loosen, only the relative displacement between the inner inclined tooth surfaces of the two washers is allowed, generating lifting tension, and achieving 100% locking.